Muscle cramps can occur in any muscle- legs, feet, arms, hands, back- and can occur day or night. Muscle cramps become more common as we age and are not typically a sign of something harmful; however, if they are persistent, you should be evaluated by your physician. Common causes of muscle cramps:
1. Dehydration. First, ensure you are drinking enough water throughout the day. If you choose to drink only coffee, tea, soda, juices and alcohol, you can cause your muscles to cramp. You must remain hydrated and include water throughout the day to avoid muscle cramps.
2. Medication side effects. Medications such as diuretics, Lasix (furosemide) is the most common, can cause muscle cramps. Some people experience cramps with statins, such as Lipitor (atorvastatin) or Zocor (simvastatin), or the heart medication Procardia (nifedipine). If cramps begin just after starting a new medication, you should discuss the possibility of side effects with your doctor.
3. Muscle Fatigue. Heavy exercise and muscle fatigue can lead to cramps. Exercising more than usual and in the heat can also be a causes of cramping.
4. Poor circulation. Cramping that predictably occurs when walking, then resolves or improves significantly when at rest, may be a sign of poor circulation and should be evaluated by your doctor.
5. Nutritional deficits. Poor nutrition without sufficient intake of essential vitamins and minerals, particularly calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, can cause muscle cramping. Eat a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables to ensure plenty of supply.
6. Stiff muscles. Take time to stretch daily. Stretching daily can reduce muscle cramps. Stretching, walking. and massaging the muscles during a cramp may help stop the cramping.
7. Shoes. Changing from flats to heels and vice versa can cause cramping. Don't overlook this common cause of leg cramps.
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